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Diplocarpon earlianum
''Diplocarpon earlianum'' is a fungal pathogen, that produces a disease in strawberry plants called strawberry leaf scorch. ''Diplocarpon earliana'' is of the phylum Ascmycota of fungi. The disease overwinters in plant debris and infects strawberry plants during the spring season when it is wet. The five main methods to reduce strawberry leaf scorch include: irrigation techniques, crop rotation, planting resistant, and disease free seeds, fungicide use and sanitation measures. Control of strawberry leaf scorch is important because it is responsible for the majority of disease in strawberries. ''Diplocarpon earliana'' affects the fruit quality and yield of the strawberry crop, which leads to a decrease in value assigned by the consumer.〔Heidenreich, Cathy, and Bill Turechek. "Strawberry Leaf Scorch."〕
==Hosts and symptoms==
The host of ''Diplocarpon earliana'' is the strawberry plant. The disease mainly infects strawberry leaves at any stage of the its life cycle, but may infect all parts of the strawberry plant, including the petioles, fruits, and stems. The disease is characterized by numerous small, purplish to brownish lesions (from 1/16 to 3/16 of an inch in diameter) with undefined borders on the upper surface of the leaf. These symptoms are different from strawberry leaf spot which has brown lesions with defined borders and a lighter center. As the leaf scorch progresses over time, the leaves turn brown and dry up, resembling a burnt or “scorched” appearance as indicated by its disease name. It is common for the petioles of the leaves to have purple, sunken lesions that resemble streaks. If these streaks are severe enough, they may lead to the bowing of the petiole which in turn kills the leaf. Strawberry leaf scorch infects all parts of the flower, leading to unattractive blemishes on the fruit (strawberries).〔Dhanvantari, B. N. "The leaf scorch disease of strawberry (Diplocarpon earliana) and the nature of resistance to it." Canadian Journal of Botany 45.9 (1967): 1525-1543.〕
Miniscule dark, black spots are a sign of the fungus. These spots are specialized asexual fruiting bodies called acervuli. When the acervuli accumulate into masses, they resemble little drops of tar. Very rarely, the sexual structure apothecia that develop in advanced lesions of the plant can be seen.〔Heidenreich, Cathy, and Bill Turechek. "Strawberry Leaf Scorch."〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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